Construction professionals know that the process of building a roof can sometimes be slowed down due to the fact that it is necessary to choose the “right material” and make an accurate calculation of the angle of the roof. These two issues are closely interrelated, because the choice of material for its coating depends on the angle of inclination of the roof.
We remind you that roofs are single, double and four-slope, it depends on how many slopes you choose for your roof, and the slope of the slope angle will be determined.
Content
What factors influence the calculation of the roof slope
For example, the angle of inclination of a standard roof with one slope is from 9 to 60 degrees - this depends on the following factors:
- Material selected for the roof;
- Climatic and atmospheric conditions;
- The purpose of the structure.
If the roof has two or more slopes, then not only the region in which the building is located, but also why the attic is needed. For example, if you use the attic not as a living room, but as a repository for old things, then the need to build it wide and high disappears. But if you want the attic to become a full-fledged attic, then you need to make a dense roof and know how to calculate the angle of the roof. In this case, the calculation of the angle of the roof depends on such factors:
- The first is the design of the building itself and the premises.
- The second is the choice of materials for the roof.
- The third is the climate conditions of the region.
We choose the material for the roof, depending on its slope
In regions with strong winds, it is preferable to build a roof with a minimum slope - the material should not be subjected to strong wind loads. The same thing is said about the sunny area, where the most hot days are in the year - in sunny regions there is just the least rainfall.
In those regions where there is a lot of rainfall (including rain, hail and snowfall), the angle of inclination of the roof should be made large to 60 degrees, because only such an inclination will reduce the load from snow, melt water and all kinds of debris.
So, let's figure out how to calculate the angle of the roof. We need to take into account all the factors that were described above, so the calculation of the roof slope is carried out in the range from 9 to 60 degrees. Interestingly, such a calculation usually leads to one optimal solution - 20 - 35 degrees.
With this bias, any material for the roof is used - profile flooring, metal tile, pieces of slate, etc.
All materials have a specific list of requirements that apply to them during construction.
If the roof is covered with metal
It is known that metal tiles have considerable weight in comparison with other materials. That's why it is important to make the correct calculation of the slope of the roof with metal, which should be optimally low.
It is important to consider this requirement in a region with a large number of winds and hurricanes. Therefore, the angle of inclination should be as low as possible. Due to the large value of the angle of inclination, the roof can swell, due to which, in turn, the pressure on the supporting structure of the roof will increase. And increased pressure prematurely destroys the roof.
On average, for the roofs that will be covered with this material, the average optimum value of the angle of inclination is 27 degrees. Consequently, your home will be protected from the seepage of rainwater and snow.
The minimum angle of the roof is only 14 degrees. If soft tiles are used, the angle of inclination can be 11 degrees, but the roof must be additionally underlined.
Roofing
Decking is the most popular material for the roof - it has a small weight, it is durable, fastens and is mounted quite easily.
Roof slope with decking and load.
Manufacturers of corrugated board recommend making a roof tilt angle of at least 12 degrees.
If the roof is covered with various soft material
We will refer roofing material, ondulin, polymer (membrane) roofing to such material.
With such a roofing structure, you need to make an angle of inclination from 6 to 15 degrees - the value varies from the number of layers of soft material.
For example, if the coating is two-layer, then we take the angle of inclination equal to 15 degrees, but if it is three-layer, then the value can be reduced to 3-5 degrees.
But the membrane coating can be used on any roofs, any condition, in any conditions, here already the angle of inclination can be reduced to 2-5 degrees.
From the foregoing, we conclude that the owner of the building decides how to calculate the slope of the roof. However, we take into account a certain dependence: the roof must withstand not only temporary, but also constant loads. “Temporary” ones include rain, wind, and the weight that they have on the roof, the constant load is the weight of the roof and the material.
Soft material roof slope
The value of the slope of the roof determines the type of lathing, step. At a roof with a low slope, the step of the crate should be as short as possible. For a roof with a minimum value, the step of the crate is 35-45 cm.
Also, everyone is interested in one question - how much roofing material needs to be purchased.
The greater the angle of inclination of the roof you make, the more material you will need to use up.
The greater the angle of inclination of the roof you make, the more material you will need to use up.
If you adhere to all these requirements, you can make a roof that will last more than a dozen years! All of the above requirements and factors help to understand how to calculate the roof slope. However, we recall that for each house the calculation is made individually.
In the end, we will give you some useful tips to help you choose a roofing material:
So, if the slope of the roof is small, up to 10 degrees, then you can even cover the roof with stone chips, gravel (we calculate 5 mm for the roof and 15 mm for gravel).
If the angle of inclination of your roof is 10 or more degrees, then we use basic bitumen waterproofing. When applying roll material, do not forget about the additional protective coating, which can be ordinary painting.
If you are planning to cover the roof with corrugated board, you need to seal the butt joints. Joints must be double.
How to calculate the angle of the roof?
As a rule, in order to know how to calculate the roof slope, you need to know at what height you will draw the ridge (and the height of the roof with the ridge depends directly on what the attic is for). So, if you make a residential attic from the attic, then we consider the following calculations to be valid.
We determine the width of the pediment - the roof end, for example, let it be 6 m. Divide the width in half: 6: 2 = 3 m, and according to the standard, the height of the roof in the ridge is 1.8 meters.
Further, we recall the general course of geometry - the ratio of the adjacent leg to the opposite in the triangle - this is nothing more than the tangent of the angle. We compose the formula and find the tangent value:
tg A = a: b = 3: 1.8 = 1.67
We take the Bradis table and find the approximate value - if tg A = 1.67, then the angle of inclination will be approximately 58-59 degrees. We can take the maximum value of the angle - 60 degrees. This will be our desired roof pitch.
The slope of any roof is given in accordance with the climatic conditions and structure of the building.The abundance of precipitation makes you make the roof slope steep and vice versa. In general, it must be remembered that before calculating the angle of inclination of the roof, keep in mind that the inclination of the roof can vary from 10 to 60 °. The steeper the roof, the more material you spend.
The slope of the rafters, or the height of the ridge, is determined mathematically, or by measures.
It is known that roofs with a slope of 35-45 degrees do not, because such a range will create all the conditions for the accumulation of snow in the winter, and winds such roofs are poorly tolerated. It is impossible to make a monolithic roof, so the material is laid with joints. A joint is a place with increased corrosion hazard, therefore, special attention is paid to them during calculations. Also, during hurricanes, leaves and branches can clog in the gap, which will then swell and the roof will deteriorate. Holes are created for the penetration of rain and snow, the roof collapses.
When calculating the slope of the roof, remember not only about savings (the cost of rafters, material, work), but also about performance. If the roof is installed in accordance with all the rules, it will cost more, but at home you will be provided with heat and dryness, which ultimately helps to save significant amounts of money on repairs. Here the right angle of the roof tilt just plays a role!
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